ZondRes2d

ZondRes2d software is designed for two-dimensional interpretation of electrical tomography data by the method of resistivity and induced polarisation of earth, borehole and offshore formations.

ZondRes2d is a turnkey solution for electrical tomography. It solves a wide range of problems: from mathematical modelling, selection of observation systems, data quality and sensitivity analysis, to processing and interpretation of field data. A user-friendly interface and a wide range of data presentation options make it possible to efficiently solve the set geological problem. The system for analysing the quality of electrical tomography data allows specialists to quickly identify problematic measurements in automatic and semi-automatic modes.

FEATURES:

• Support for any electrical installations or their combinations with an arbitrary spacing system and electrode positions. Ability to work with different (by the number of electrodes) installations on one profile.
• Measurements in the water layer and at the bottom of the reservoir. Borehole and interwell observations.
• Four options for setting the topography.
• Ability to interpret data from the induced polarisation method, both according to the standard scheme, and in the time or frequency domain with the restoration of the Cole-Cole parameters.
• Block for quality control and rejection of electrotomography data.
• Joint inversion with magnetotelluric data.
• A set of tools for mathematical modelling of various geological situations. Standard “raster” and polygonal options.
• Complex polygonal modelling for magnetic survey, gravity survey, and natural field method.
• Several options for field data inversion: smooth, focusing, robust, block. Specifies the reference model for the inversion. Estimation of the noise component during inversion.
• Suppression of P/C effects when inverted. Working with anomalous installations (method of pure anomalies).
• Fixing and setting the limits of parameter changes, the introduction of several a priori geological boundaries or a well profile. Setting weights and rejecting measurements. Measurement editor.
• Evaluation of the solution quality based on the sensitivity matrix. Calculation of the quality parameter of the resulting solution and the DOI index.
• Trimming the edges of the model: by angle or by sensitivity level.
• Several options for visualising data, models, and a priori information. Ability to set a translucent background for the section (geological, seismic sections).
• Three-dimensional visualisation of geoelectric sections on an arbitrary system of profiles. Maps of slices of various parameters by depth.
• Geological section editor, a system for creating borehole information.
• Export to raster and vector graphics formats, excel, surfer, and CAD. Setting the scale of exported images. Image printing and report generation.

Features overview

APPLICATION EXAMPLES

1. ZondRes2d uses a simple and clear data format that allows users to easily combine various electrical survey observation systems, including various options for setting the relief (including the bottom relief for bottom and offshore electrical tomography) and other auxiliary information. Well-known formats of programs for data inversion of the method of resistance and induced polarisation (res2dinv, earthimager, etc.), as well as output files of well-known manufacturers of electrical prospecting equipment are supported.
2. The program works with any types of installations used in electrical exploration (two, three and four-electrode) or their combinations on the surface of the earth and water in a well or under water. It is possible to set all three coordinates for each of the electrodes and work with arbitrary profile geometry.
3. An important stage preceding the field measurements is the mathematical modelling of the geoelectric structure of the work site. Simulation makes it possible to estimate the signal level and to select the optimal parameters of the installation for solving the set geological problem. ZondRes2d has a large set of tools for mathematical modelling and analysis of the sensitivity of DC fields and induced polarisation. Two options for modelling electrical tomography data are implemented – in grid or polygonal mode.

Since the main task of the program is to restore the parameters of the geoelectric section, ZondRes2d implements several options for solving the inverse problem, the most important of which are: smoothing inversion to obtain a smooth one, block inversion to obtain a block one, and focusing inversion to obtain a piecewise smooth distribution of geoelectric parameters with depth.

4. When developing the program, special attention was paid to a priori information. Due to the equivalence of inverse geophysical problems, the quality of the results obtained directly depends on the amount of a priori data used. ZondRes2d has the ability to assign weights to measurements, fix and set limits for changing the properties of individual cells, and use an a priori model as a reference for inversion. In addition, robust schemes for estimating the noise component are implemented in the program.

It is also possible to import and display measurement results from other methods and well data, which contributes to a more comprehensive approach to data interpretation. The module gravity, magnetic and natural field method allow effectively integrating these methods with a geoelectric section based on a single frame. The frame is built on the basis of the section obtained from the data of electrotomography, and then filled with density and magnetic properties in automatic or manual mode.